Internal combustion engine



A. V. ZUPI INVENTOR.

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' Dec. 4, 1956 United States Patent INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Anthony V. Zupi, Bronx, N. Y.

Application April 12, 1955, Serial No. 500,867

1 Claim. (Cl. 12374) This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to cylinder and piston constructions associated therewith.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cylinder and piston construction for internal combustion engines of improved design wherein the piston is provided with a passageway which, as the piston moves under the explosion at the extreme end of its stroke, becomes aligned with a by-pass communicating with the other end of the cylinder whereby to relieve the pressure between the cylinder and the piston at the end of the cylinder remote from the combustion chamber.

It is another object of the present invention to provide cylinder and piston constructions for internal combustion engines wherein the cylinder is provided with an exhaust port which is opened when the piston is at the end of the cylinder remote from the combustion chamber to permit the gases to leave the combustion chamber at the end of the cylinder piston stroke and wherein when the piston has reached its extreme position after the explosion a new charge of air is automatically provided in the combustion chamber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cylinder and piston construction for internal combustion engines wherein as the piston returns, it draws air inwardly through an intake provided in the cylinder at the end thereof remote from the combustion chamber.

Other objects of the present invention are to provide a cylinder and piston construction for internal combustion engines bearing the above objects in mind which is of simple construction, has a minimum number of parts, is easy to manufacture and efiicient in use.

For other objects and a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view shown partly in elevation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the piston at one end of the stroke after the explosion; i

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l but showing the piston at the other end of the stroke;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the piston shown alone; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of the cylinder bordering the combustion chamber and illustrating the intake and by-pass ports forming a part of the invention.

Referring now more in detail to the drawing, there is shown a cylinder including a circular top wall 19 having a usual threaded port 11 for a spark plug or a fuel injector unit, a hollow cylindrical side wall 12, and a circular bottom wall 13 having a bushing 14 which slidably receives therethrough a piston rod 15, substantially as illustrated.

The upper end of the side wall 12 on one side is provided with the outlet ports 16 while on the underside thereof is provided with a by-pass port 17 which 2,772,666 Patented Dec. 4, 1956 ice connects the upper end of the cylinder with the central portion thereof for a purpose which will hereinafter become clear. The side wall 12 is also provided with an inlet port 18 directly below the by-pass port 17, the side wall 12 being also provided with an elongated groove 19 which extends laterally in opposite directions from the by-pass 17, as shown in Fig. 4.

The upper end of the piston rod 15 is integrally formed with the frusto conical portion 20 which is in turn integrally formed around its periphery with the hollow cylindrical piston 21 adapted for sliding movement within the cylinder 12, the piston 21 adjacent the frusto-conical portion 21 being formed with the frusto-conical thickened portions 22. The piston is provided with an air port 23 which connects the interior of the cylinder 21 with the lower end of the by-pass 17 when the cylinder is in the position of Fig. 1 to complete the construction.

In operation, the combustion takes place in the cylinder above the piston 21, the expanding gases forcing the piston 21 downwardly. As the piston 21 passes to the lower end of its stroke (Fig. l.) the exhaust portion of the port 16 is automatically opened permitting the gases to leave the cylinder. When the piston 21 reaches its lowest position, the air passage 23 thereof is aligned with the by-pass 17 in the cylinder so as to permit a new charge of air to enter the combustion chamber. As the piston 21 begins its return stroke, a vacuum is created between the piston and the bottom wall 13 of the cylinder since most of the air previously was forced to the top of the cylinder, and all other ports are closed. As the bottom of the cylinder or piston 21 passes the air intake port 18, the air is drawn inwardly to fill the base of the cylinder and to complete the cycle of operations. Thus, as the piston moves downwardly (Fig. 1) the passageway 23 registers with the by-pass 17 which relieves pressure in the cylinder between the bottom wall 13 and the piston 21.

While various changes may be made in the detail construction, it shall be understood that such changes shall be within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claim.

Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature of my invention, what is claimed is:

In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston rod slidably disposed within one end of said cylinder, means for supplying combustible gases to the other end of said cylinder, a frusto-conical portion secured to the inner end of said piston rod, a depending hollow, cylindrical portion connected to said frusto-conical portion and slidable within said cylinder, said cylinder having a bypass port extending from the combustion chamber to the center of the cylinder, said frusto-conical portion and cylindrical portion having an air port bore extending therethrough and connecting the interior thereof with said bypass port at the end of the piston stroke, said cylinder having a plurality of exhaust openings in the side wall thereof adapted to be opened upon the movement of said piston rod to the extreme end of its stroke after the explosion whereby to relieve the pressure in the combustion chamber, said cylinder having an air intake opening below said bypass port adapted to be opened when the piston is in the other extreme position just prior to the explosion whereby to fill the other end of the cylinder with air under vacuum action.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,109,694 Mosier Sept. 8, 191a 1,418,668 Nobbs June 6, 1922 FOREIGN PATENTS 521,219 France Mar. 3, 1921 

